What it is
A mask blocks light at your eyes, which helps when you can't fully darken the room: early summer dawns, streetlights, a partner's reading light, travel. Flat masks are the simplest; contoured masks have cups that keep pressure off your eyes and let you blink; weighted masks add gentle pressure that some people find calming.
Fit decides whether it works. Light leaking in at the nose is the usual failure, and a strap that's too tight gives headaches.
How strong is the evidencelimited
A Cochrane review of intensive-care trials found low-quality evidence that earplugs and/or eye masks improve sleep and may reduce delirium. In a 2023 crossover study, 94 healthy young adults encoded new memories better and were more alert after a week sleeping in a mask than after a week without. Trials in ordinary homes are few, and the benefit depends on how much light your room lets in.
The claims you’ll meet4 checked
Blocking light helps you sleep in a bright roomHolds upLight at night suppresses melatonin and can wake you. Trials, mostly in hospitals, show better self-rated sleep with masks.
Wearing a mask improves memory and alertnessMixedOne well-designed study in young adults found gains after a week; it hasn't been widely replicated.
Silk masks have anti-aging benefitsUnprovenNo trials.
Weighted masks relieve anxiety or headachesUnprovenNo good studies.
What to look for4
- ✓Contoured eye cups if you dislike pressure on your eyes or wear lash extensions.
- ✓A good seal around the nose, the main source of light leaks.
- ✓An adjustable strap that doesn't pull your hair, and a low profile if you sleep on your side.
- ✓A washable fabric or removable cover, in a breathable material.
What to skip2
- ×Anti-aging or anti-wrinkle claims for silk.
- ×Bluetooth or 'smart' masks, unless you actually want the audio.
How to use it1
- →Pair darkness at night with bright light in the morning. The two work together on your body clock.
Take care3
- !After eye surgery, or with an eye condition, ask your eye doctor before wearing anything that presses on your eyes.
- !Keep masks and their straps away from babies and young children.
- !Wash it regularly, and stop if you get skin irritation or an eye infection.
The studies3 cited · checked against PubMed
Non-pharmacological interventions for sleep promotion in the intensive care unit ↗Hu RF, Jiang XY, Chen J, Zeng Z, Chen XY, Li Y, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2015Systematic review
30 trials (1,569 ICU adults). Low-quality evidence that earplugs and/or eye masks increased total sleep time and lowered delirium risk (risk ratio 0.55); most studies using objective sleep measures found no benefit.
Wearing an eye mask during overnight sleep improves episodic learning and alertness ↗Greco V, Bergamo D, Cuoccio P, Konkoly KR, Muñoz Lombardo K, Lewis PA · Sleep · 2023Randomized crossover study
94 adults aged 18-35 slept a week with an eye mask and a week without. With the mask they encoded new memories better and were more alert; a second study of 35 people linked the gain to time in slow-wave sleep.
Effect of the use of earplugs and eye mask on the quality of sleep in intensive care patients: a systematic review ↗Locihová H, Axmann K, Padyšáková H, Fejfar J · Journal of Sleep Research · 2018Systematic review
19 studies (1,379 people). Most found better subjective sleep quality with earplugs and eye masks, and possibly less delirium; objective measures were not clearly improved and study methods varied widely.