Approximate dose-response bands. Individual response varies — these are starting points, not prescriptions.
Well below target. Risk of deficiency symptoms tied to sulfite oxidase.
Below the recommended daily target. Long-term adequacy not assured.
Daily target met. Standard nutritional support for sulfite oxidase.
Common for specific health goals. Check the evidence for your situation before sustaining this level.
Approaching the tolerable upper limit. Monitor and consider clinical guidance.
Above the tolerable upper limit. Risk of adverse effects — back off or consult a clinician.
You're at 0% of your molybdenum target. The biggest single-serving sources to top it off:
Trace mineral cofactor for four human enzymes (sulfite oxidase, xanthine oxidase, aldehyde oxidase, mitochondrial amidoxime-reducing component). Deficiency is essentially unknown in unrestricted diets; rare congenital co-factor deficiency is severe and presents in infancy.
Molybdopterin cofactor is built and inserted into Mo-enzymes that perform oxygen-atom-transfer reactions. Sulfite oxidase is the most clinically critical — its deficiency lets sulfite accumulate and damage neurological tissue, often fatal in infancy.
Spontaneous deficiency essentially never reported in unrestricted diets. Inherited cofactor deficiency presents within days of birth with intractable seizures, often fatal without rapid diagnosis.
Very high intakes (10–15 mg/day) cause gout-like syndromes (xanthine oxidase elevates uric acid) and possible copper deficiency. Far above typical food intake.
Most multivitamins include 45–75 mcg, which covers the RDA. Standalone molybdenum supplementation has no documented benefit in non-deficient adults.
~50–90% of dietary molybdenum is absorbed; absorption efficiency is high across forms. Tungsten and excess copper compete for absorption.
Adequacy is essential but easily achieved through diet. No supplementation signal for healthspan extension.
Cofactor for sulfite oxidase, xanthine oxidase, aldehyde oxidase.