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Biochemical Pathway

Thyroid

T3/T4 synthesis from tyrosine + iodine; deiodinase cofactors

Thyroid hormone sets the metabolic rate of every cell, and it's assembled from two raw materials: the amino acid tyrosine and iodine (T4 carries four iodine atoms, T3 carries three). But the hormone the thyroid mostly secretes — T4 — is largely inactive; a selenium-dependent enzyme (deiodinase) converts it to the active T3 in peripheral tissues. Zinc and iron support both synthesis and receptor sensitivity. This is why someone with adequate iodine can still feel hypothyroid if they're low in selenium: the factory works, but the activation step stalls.

See your coverage for the Thyroid pathway

How your supplements + diet feed this pathway right now — the cofactors driving it, where the gaps are, and your own lab readouts.

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Primary cofactors

The load-bearing nutrients — if these are deficient, this pathway slows down. Click any to see daily targets, food sources, and supplements that supply it.

Additional cofactors

Nutrients that contribute to this pathway but aren’t the single load-bearing inputs.

Biomarkers on this pathway

Lab markers that report on how well this pathway is running. When one of these is out of range, this pathway is often where the upstream issue lives.

🩸 Reverse T3🩸 TSH🩸 Free T4🩸 Free T3🩸 Zinc

Save a lab session under My Journey → Biomarkers to see your own values for these.

Body systems that depend on this pathway
Related pathways

Pathways that share a load-bearing cofactor with this one.